Process Analysis in Richard Selzers Essay The Knife

An accomplished surgeon and a professor of surgery, Richard Selzer is also one of Americas most celebrated essayists. When I put down the scalpel and picked up a pen, he once wrote, I reveled in letting go. The following paragraphs from The Knife, an essay in Selzers first collection, Mortal Lessons: Notes on the Art of Surgery  (1976), vividly describe the process of the laying open of the body of a human being. Selzer calls the pen the distant cousin of the knife. He once said to author and artist Peter Josyph, Blood and ink, at least in my hands, have a certain similarity. When you use a scalpel, blood is shed; when you use a pen, ink is spilled. Something is let in each of these acts (Letters to a Best Friend  by Richard Selzer, 2009). from "The Knife"* by Richard Selzer A stillness settles in my heart and is carried to my hand. It is the quietude of resolve layered over fear. And it is this resolve that lowers us, my knife and me, deeper and deeper into the person beneath. It is an entry into the body that is nothing like a caress; still, it is among the gentlest of acts. Then stroke and stroke again, and we are joined by other instruments, hemostats and forceps, until the wound blooms with strange flowers whose looped handles fall to the sides in steely array. There is sound, the tight click of clamps fixing teeth into severed blood vessels, the snuffle and gargle of the suction machine clearing the field of blood for the next stroke, the litany of monosyllables with which one prays his way down and in: clamp, sponge, suture, tie, cut. And there is color. The green of the cloth, the white of the sponges, the red and yellow of the body. Beneath the fat lies the fascia, the tough fibrous sheet encasing the muscles. It must be sliced and the red beef of the muscles separated. Now there are retractors to hold apart the wound. Hands move together, part, weave. We are fully engaged, like children absorbed in a game or the craftsmen of some place like Damascus. Deeper still. The peritoneum, pink and gleaming and membranous, bulges into the wound. It is grasped with forceps, and opened. For the first time we can see into the cavity of the abdomen. Such a primitive place. One expects to find drawings of buffalo on the walls. The sense of trespassing is keener now, heightened by the worlds light illuminating the organs, their secret colors revealed--maroon and salmon and yellow. The vista is sweetly vulnerable at this moment, a kind of welcoming. An arc of the liver shines high and on the right, like a dark sun. It laps over the pink sweep of the stomach, from whose lower border the gauzy omentum is draped, and through which veil one sees, sinuous, slow as just-fed snakes, the indolent coils of the intestine. You turn aside to wash your gloves. It is a ritual cleansing. One enters this temple doubly washed. Here is man as microcosm, representing in all his parts the earth, perhaps the universe.    * The Knife, by Richard Selzer, appears in the essay collection Mortal Lessons: Notes on the Art of Surgery, originally published by Simon Schuster in 1976, reprinted by Harcourt in 1996.

Obesity And The Rate Of Children Obesity - 1585 Words

Over the years, the continuous rising in the rate of children obesity in America is worrisome. According to the centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the rate of children obesity rise from 7% in 1980 to 12% in the course of twenty years. Many people might not compare obesity to other problems happening in the world, and deem it as important, but what they do not understand is the detrimental consequences of this epidemic on each individual facing it. Obesity can affect more than the physical attributes of a person, from the rise in blood pressure, liver diseases (Daniels, 2009), to psychosocial factors like depression, lower of self-esteem, and body dissatisfaction (Mustillo et al.; Hesketh et al.,). In order to solve a problem, it is necessary to discover the reasons of the issue. In a recent study by a nonprofit youth program Dosomething.org, students were asked to send in pictures of their school lunches, and the pictures being received are terrifying. Each state present a plate with varieties of food, with the main courses running from mac and cheese, to chicken nuggets, burgers, French fries. The meal usually come with fruit cup, milk, canned beans, and are not appealing to the eyes. While some plate of food were more nutritious than others, it is no doubt that these students consume hundreds of empty calories every day, from the high sugar fruit-cup, to the main courses simply made of processed, fast-food. Another reason that may contribute to the rise inShow MoreRelatedThe Obesity Rate Of Children1158 Words   |  5 PagesChildren in this day and age have terrible eating habits. Nutrition is no longer a necessity, it is more of a thing that is thrown aside and overlooked. Children eat candy or sweets all the time, while getting no exercise. Exercise is a major part of keeping a healthy body but it is not the only thing that is needed to be a healthy person. I will discuss some of these necessities to being or having a healthy child. In today’s society there are more and more children are becoming obese, if this trendRead MoreThe Obesity Rates Of Children And Youth801 Words   |  4 PagesIn Canada, the obesity rates of children and youth have nearly tripled in the last 30 years (Government of Canada). Over 30% of Canadian children and youth are overweight or obese (Childhood Obesity Foundation). Childhood obesity is becoming more and more common, causes serious health problems, and needs to be addressed. Obese children and youth are at higher risk of both immediate and long-term health problems that are likely to remain in adulthood. These include both physical and emotional healthRead MoreFactors That Influence Obesity Rates Among Children Essay1520 Words   |  7 PagesThis paper will describe the factors that influence obesity rates among children. It will review relevant literature concerning the bio-psychosocial facts and etiology involved in childhood obesity. This paper will discuss why this is a problem not only for the client system, but also a significant social problem. Multiple systems will be explored to support the continuation of the problem on a micro, mezzo and macro level. Some specific policies that exacerbate the problem will be looked at alongRead MoreThe Effects Of Advertising On Children s Obesity Rate1056 Words   |  5 Pagesof Advertising on Children’s Obesity Rate It has come down to this, there is an obesity epidemic. It s like people can’t stop themselves from eating so much. Well, I guess eating isn t necessarily the big problem here... It s the type of food that people are consuming, fast food. America tops the list of world s most obese countries. It s just sad and something needs to be done about it. The worst part is that there are so many children being affected by obesity. According to CDC (Centers forRead MoreReduced Energy Expenditure And Prevalence Obesity Rates Among Children928 Words   |  4 Pageshas contributed to prevalence obesity rates among children. Demographic and epidemiologic analysis alone do not account for the high rates in childhood obesity. These analysis help provide a clearer understanding of why obesity is a national epidemic. It is significant as public health officials to know that there are substantial racial differences in obesity among young kids and teenagers in the United States. Among Hispanics for instance, the incidence of obesity was higher in 2011-2012 at 22Read MoreThe Minority Action Committee ( Mac ) Of San Diego Essay1542 Words   |  7 Pagesconcerned with the high obesity rates amongst minority communities. This policy brief will outline the factors pertaining to the persistent obesity rates amongst minorities – specifically, Latino and African American communities — and provide policy suggestions to the San Diego city council MAC believes will assist the city of San Diego in reducing the obesity rate in minority communities. Issue The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has reported since 1960 adult obesity has tripled and sinceRead MoreObesity : The State Of Imbalance Between The Calories1459 Words   |  6 PagesObesity is the state of imbalance between the calories consumed versus the calories expended leading to an excessive fat accumulation in adipose tissue resulting in physical and psychological problems. The excess fat is distributed in the body either around the waist (abdominal fat), trunk (android store fat) or gynoid store fat in hips/thighs. The primary causes of obesity are inactivity, unhealthy diet and eating habits, genetics, unhealthy diet and lifestyle, certain medications like antidepressantsRead MoreChildhood Obesity : A Growing Problem Essay1047 Words   |  5 Pageson Childhood Obesity. I intend to first plainly explain a clear definition of what Childhood Obesity is. Next I plan on explaining some possible reasons why children develop obesity. I also want to give clear conseque nces and life struggles that may be associated with a child who is obese. I also want to discuss long term effects of this disease on the individual as well as society. Finally, I would like to discuss some possible treatments associated with curing obesity in children as well as inRead MoreObesity : The Problem Of Obesity1643 Words   |  7 PagesTeen Obesity In Chicago Many Latino teens in Chicago suffer from what is called obesity. Throughout the Chicagoland, there are a variety communities that show health factor. In the Pilsen Community, obesity is highly defined in that area which determines the outlook on how Pilsen is in need of help for young teens to stay fit and lower the amount of obese teens that are in the Pilsen community. The problem would much simplier be not enough exercise or unhealthy foods that teens eat. However lackRead MoreObesity Is A Common Lifestyle852 Words   |  4 PagesA healthy body tends to lead towards a higher quality of life and lower medical costs. Unfortunately, the United States’ population is suffering from an increasing epidemic of obesity. Ever since the 1970’s, obesity rates have more than doubled within adults and children (â€Å"Obesity in the U.S.†). Obesity is starting to be seen more and more in society, but it all starts with the individual deciding whether to become obese or not. Society defines being obese as having an excess of body fat; or in other

Causes Of Global Poverty - 1031 Words

A large percentage of the world’s population is affected by poverty, out of that percentage over three billion people live on less then $2.50 a day(cite) John Kenneth Galbraith says that, People are poverty stricken when their income, even if adequate for survival, falls markedly behind that of their community. CITE THIS What is poverty? Poverty is defined in Websters Dictionary as a lack of money or material possessions(cite) Behind the scene of poverty, there is hunger, lack of shelter, being sick and not being able to seek for healthcare. People living in poverty face many challenges such as, poor nutrition, poor education system, and inadequate housing. Global Poverty is caused by many factors, which include, but are not†¦show more content†¦In South Asia particularly southern and western India are considered to be areas where the worst chronic poverty occurs with over capacity of human population putting countries in jeopardy. These countries are not able to escape poverty as it occurs as a cycle from countries within and has been for decades. Food, housing, and water are not the only basic needs that lack in poverty; there is a basic set of systems that form the normal civilization in developed countries more than in developing countries. From research that’s been shown, in developing countries they lack education, healthcare, and political system to build the community together. To countries where every day struggles turn into a hunger game, getting education was the only escape for the children but sometimes the struggle hinders so deep it winds down at the bottom of the priority list. Education creates hope for the children and provides them with basic skills of how to read, communicate, write, and expose them to unknown materials outside of their world. As important as education is around the world, in a particular part of the world education families cannot afford a proper education due to lack of a families income. Majority of families who are not able to afford education would send their children out to work by the time they are able to walk and talk. In some areas whereShow MoreRelatedPoverty: Causes of a Global Phenomenon776 Words   |  3 Pages Poverty: Causes of a global phenomenon Overall, world poverty rates continue to stagnate, despite much-heralded growth in China and India. Today the annual median per capita income in developing countries is $3,000, a figure that indicates only modest progress since 1975, when the median income level was about $2,500. Over this same time period, median per capita income in developed countries increased from about $15,000 to more than $25,000 (Poverty reduction and growth: Virtuous and viciousRead MoreAnalyse the Causes of Poverty in the World and Evaluate Attempts to Address It on a Global Scale1391 Words   |  6 PagesAnalyse the Causes of Poverty in the World and Evaluate Attempts to Address it on a Global Scale Poverty is the state of being extremely poor and being inferior in quality. Nearly half of the world’s population, nearly 3 billion people, live on less than two dollars a day and the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the poorest 48 nations is less than the wealth of the world’s three richest people combined. Poverty can be caused by many issues particularly social and economic reasons. There haveRead MoreThe Effects Of Food Security On A Global Level1132 Words   |  5 PagesIn trying to answer the question, can poverty be eliminated, there are many different ways to address the subject of poverty. For purposes of this research, poverty is going to be looked at from the perspective of food security on a global level. ARS Food Security Research: USDA ARS. (2016) states that food security is defined as when all people at all times have access to sufficient, safe, nutritious food to maintain a healthy and active life. Food security includes the physical and economic ac cessRead MoreExtreme Poverty : Chronic Poverty Essay1613 Words   |  7 PagesExtreme Poverty Nathan Larson Northcentral Technical College â€Æ' Introduction ïÆ'Ëœ What is Extreme Poverty? What if you had a chance to save a person? Most would react quickly if given the chance to save another life especially a child’s life. In fact, it is estimated that 16,000 under the age of five die every day due to causes associated with extreme poverty. That is nearly 750 children an hour. The causes of the deaths include insufficient nutrition, lack of access to clean water, no health careRead MoreWhich Do You Think Would Help The Citizens Of The WorldS Poorest Nations More, Increasing Foreign Aid Or Removing All The Agricultural Tariffs And Subsidies?1069 Words   |  4 Pagestariffs and subsidies? The latter would help them more. Heres why, in researching global poverty one can come across startling statistics, e.g. almost half the people in the world live on less than $2.50 a day (Shah, 2011), 1 out of every 2 children live in poverty (Shah, 2010); speaking of children, 1 child will die every 4 seconds due to poverty, easily preventable diseases and illnesses, and other related causes (Shah, 2010), the GDP of the 41 Heavily Indebted Poor Countries is less than the wealthRead MoreThe Causes of World Hunger1658 Words   |  7 PagesThe causes of world hunger are at once intimidatingly complex and stunningly simple, depending on the underlying ideological assumptions which inform ones approach to the problem. For the uninformed, the cause of world hunger might seem to be quite obvious, because the concept of hunger is ostensibly simple; being hungry means a lack of food, so world hunger must be caused either by a lack of food on a global scale or overpopulation. Put another way, the easy answer to the question of world hungerRead MoreEssay about How World Poverty is Changing the Human Race609 Words   |  3 PagesPoverty is an epidemic which has created a huge dent to human race. More than 50% of the world population lives on less than $2.50 a day. People can’t provide even one proper meal to their children. The income differentials are w idening across the globe. What are we doing to reduce this widening? What are we doing to eliminate this menace of poverty? Why can’t we produce enough food for everyone? Why can’t everyone have a proper shelter? Is it the greed in us, the cause for it? Why can’t weRead MorePoverty As A Social Problem1739 Words   |  7 Pages Poverty as a Social Problem Magdalena Brania Mrs. Kropf May 27, 2015 Poverty is inscribed in the history of the world, but it is not inherent fate of every human being. It is also not related to the human nature, which does not mean that it can not be due to its nature. All communities experience it, with a greater or lesser extent way causing psychological and sociological conflicts. Society who have to deal with poverty is not only from undeveloped countries, but also developedRead MoreThe World Poverty Runs Rampant1454 Words   |  6 Pagesscary basement locked in darkness. Yet, poverty remains abstract, unknown, and even unfathomable to most. Across the world poverty runs rampant as 3 billion people live on less than $2.50 per day and more than 1.3 billion live in extreme poverty on less than $1.50 per day. These are not abstracts, but facts so let me repeat myself, 1.3 billion people, part of the human race whose DNA contain the same sequences as everyone on this planet live in extreme poverty; where food, medical treatment, and cleanRead MoreP overty and Diseases in Sub-Saharan African Countries: Local and Global Solutions1225 Words   |  5 PagesPoverty causes diseases, and diseases result in poverty; a satanic circle where once someone got in, s/he would be captured as a prisoner. There is an Arabic expression that states, if the cause is known, the surprise is blown. If we get to know the various causes of poverty, we can take a long stride towards reducing tropical diseases that are prevalent in many poor countries. Things would look clearer if causal mechanisms behind the persistent increase of poverty in those countries were known

The Child Safety Is Important Essay - 1366 Words

The story about Marie and her sons is not uncommon. There are many families, who have similar stories like Marie. They may be different but the storyline is the same. A mother loses her children, wants to get them back, and tries to fix her life and get better. Some are success stories, while others permanently never get their children back. While reading her story, I started to feel bad for her. She is a mother who struggled with an addiction and tried to get her life together so she can get her children back. She remained cleaned for a while. She got an apartment appeared to be on the right track. At first I could not comprehend why she did not deserve to get her children back or why the social worker was apprehensive about it. As I continued to read on I began to understand why. For years she struggled. She had moments were she would get better but then relapse. I understand the Social Workers fear in this situation. Yes child safety is important, but what about Marie. She had so many obstacles against her. She endured her mother’s addiction, then became a teen mother, lived in a group home, started using herself, was incarcerated, was in abusive relationships and dated/married men that were no good. It sounds like this 29 year old women, has been through hell and back. She really did not get the help she needed as a child. It was one bad thing on top of another. It sounds like she did not have any time to cope. Drugs appear to be her way of coping. Honestly, she becameShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Toy Safety705 Words   |  3 PagesToy Safety is an area where a lot of parents and daycare development center should think critically about. It is extremely important, without it numerous of children would be in harm on a day to day basics. Toy Safety is a consideration of toys that you should examine the toys safely before giving the toy to the child. It is not just looking at the label of the toy and the age range it is more to that, it is a safety factor and not the advancement in the toy. (â€Å"Kidshealth†). If, toy safety was notRead MoreThe Importance of Booster Seats and Seat Belts834 Words   |  3 Pages..† 6). In 2006, there were approximately 5 child fatalities daily (â€Å"Statistics...† 2).This number could be lowered if children would be placed in proper booster or car seats for their age and buckled soundly. Most children that are not buckled are from families where the parent does not buckle up (â€Å"Child Passenger Safety† 2). When in a car, only about 21% of children ages 4-8 years of age are occasionally riding in a booster (â€Å"Child Passenger Safety Statistics† 4).These precautions help childrenRead MoreSafeguarding the Welfare of Children and Young People1410 Words   |  6 Pagesthat are regulated for children and their safety if they are in foster homes, adoption agencies, babysitting services and also handling childcare crimes and crimes against children. The children act’s main purpose is to ensure that the UK is a safer for children and young people and improve their wellbeing. It provides support and help to children of all ages, and backgrounds, and if they have a disability. 2. Confidentiality policy and the Health and Safety policy are two of the policies which relateRead MoreEssay about NR505 Critique of Systematic Research Review1493 Words   |  6 PagesGuideline: Child Passenger Safety Chamberlain College of Nursing NR505 Advanced Research Methods May 2012 Analysis and Application of a Clinical Practice Guideline: Child Passenger Safety Motor vehicle crashes are identified as the leading cause of death in children under 19 years of age across the United States (Sauber-Schatz, West, Bergen, 2014). Due to the large number of child deaths that occur each year, education regarding the proper use of child passenger safety seatsRead MoreSupport Children and Young Peoples Health and Safety1226 Words   |  5 PagesCU1521- Support children and young people’s health and safety. 1.1 Describe the factors to take into account when planning healthy and safe indoor and outdoor environments and services. The factors that you would need to take into account include * Individual needs depending on their age or abilities, for example a child of two years may not be able to do the physical things of a child who id five years old. So you would have to set out different activities for different ages. *Read MoreUnit 7: Support Children and Young Peoples Health and Safety.924 Words   |  4 PagesUnit 7: Support Children and Young peoples Health and Safety. All schools in the UK have a health and safety policy, in which they have to adhere to requirements. There are many current health and safety legislations, policies and procedures. These include the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 which was created to protect those at work by following procedures in order to prevent accidents. In a school setting, it is compulsory to follow the rules of this act. Schools must have an annualRead MoreThe Safety And Injury Prevention775 Words   |  4 PagesThe authors in this article explore a father’s role in the safety and injury prevention of their child. According to Canada’s Public Health Agency, unintentional injuries to children of all ages were the cause of serious public health concerns in Canada; 29,142 children were injured and hospitalized in a one year time frame. Since parents play a significant role in their child’s safety and well-being, it is important to have research that explores both parent’s attitude on childhood injury preventionRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs903 Words   |  4 PagesAbraham Maslow (1908-1970) was an American psychologist. He made contribution to psychology today, but one of his most important contributions to the world today is creating the hierarchy of needs. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs was first introduced in a 1943 paper called â€Å"A Theory of Human Motivation†, published in Psychological Review. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is five levels of basic human needs or motivators. These motivators are normally displayed on as a pyramid starting with physiological atRead MoreEssay about Health, Safety and Nutrition1081 Words   |  5 Pagesreason I chose to do my project on a game that can hit all three areas safety, health, and nutrition, is because all three areas are important to children and their families. As a parent I can easily justify the role a teacher has on the lives of our children. It is usually a parent does not know anything and the teacher is always right. In the eyes of a child. Many times well most of the time what you teach a child it usually stays with them, and if it is presented in a fun way itRead MoreDefinition of Development Appropriate Practice1100 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction: The developmentally appropriate practice for Health, Safety and Nutrition prepares students from early childhood through a group of basic information and theory, practices, and requirements for establishing and keeping safety, healthy learning environment and good nutrition through the training of children to pay attention to their health and their nutrition and safety. Definition of Development appropriate Practice : The definition of developmentally appropriate practice

Complete lives Free Essays

The Complete Lives System The allocation of healthcare has always been a huge issue in our society and the principles to allocate this resource also has come under fire. In the past it has always been â€Å"first come first serve† basis. Whether or not this approach is ethical is another question, but is it practical. We will write a custom essay sample on Complete lives or any similar topic only for you Order Now The authors of â€Å"Principles for allocation of scarce medical interventions† have discussed a new approach called the Complete Lives System. The complete lives system posses five principles for allocation that Include: ingest first, prognosis, save the most lives, lottery, and Instrumental value (Principles 6). The priority of this system Is to lad those who have not yet lived a complete life and will not be able to do so unless they get the aid necessary. This idea also considers many ethical factors such as saving the most lives possible, as well as a lottery, which takes into account the little information needed for recipients. While this system is not practical for an entire economy at this point, it is a step closer to determining an appropriate approach to our health care system. The Complete Lives System is an ethically Justified and practical approach to health care because; it takes into account various practical approaches to healthcare, and it focuses on those able and capable to live a complete life with the public resources that they have used in the past. The Complete Lives system takes into account a variety of different principles used around the world. As stated before, the core principle Is youngest first. The system focuses on â€Å"youngest first† by giving the priority to those between the ages of 15 and 40. The mall reason why this first approach Is ethically Justified Is that adolescents eve received substantial education and parental care, and these investments would be wasted without a chance at a complete life (Principles 6). These resources primarily schooling would be a waste if without aid necessary. Infants have not received this benefit so they should not be considered a factor for instrumental value. They are also unable and incapable forming long term plans and values that some have already received before they turn 18. While alone this principle is impractical, the combination of prognosis and instrumental values makes this model ethically sound. Demand will always be larger than supply In the healthcare system it is almost an Inevitable factor when determining a correct model. The argument of which healthcare model should be used Is focused around who will receive the appropriate care, and who will be left out. The abandonment of the â€Å"sickest first† Is ethically Justified based on the principle of prognosis. Factoring prognosis Into the model takes into account that large amounts of resources will not be use the majority of resources to those that can benefit the most? I believe so, and the tutors of this article also agree. If the care given to those terminally ill only give benefits of a couple of weeks or a few months compared to multiple years for those that are better off, it is hard to not see this as an ethically Justified model. As I said before not every person is able to reap equal benefits of the healthcare system, no country possesses the resources capable of achieving this utopia. The most practical method is providing aid to those that can reap the most benefit from the care. Objections to the Complete Lives System is said to discriminate against older people. Everyone was once the age of 25 and able to seek the benefits of the system but why now that they are 65 that they cannot? Some tend to say that this is discrimination and â€Å"ageist†. The system was designed to give each person an equal responsibility of living a complete life, which has been accomplished at the age of 65. They have already had the chance to live a complete life and reap the benefits designed by society such as education e. T. C. When the system is maximized, it is designed to offer the greatest benefit to those that need it. An adolescent offers more infinite to society in the future then an elderly one would. As an economics major I have always thought to look at decisions based on the opportunity cost, or the cost associated with an alternative decision that is forgone. What would be the opportunity cost of choosing to extend an elder life potentially 10 years, over an adolescent for maybe 50-60? Obviously it depends on the specific person but the benefit to society by one living another 50 years triumphs one that only has a few left. If the United States would switch to the Complete Lives system then my current enervation would benefit greatly from this change. We would be able to look forward to the high possibly of benefiting from a â€Å"complete† life. It gives a sense of relief knowing that if I were to develop an ailment in the near future that I would be able to get the care I need to regain my quality of life. In contrast those that are past the age to be prioritize will not feel the same way about the system. One quote I found particularly interesting was the rule of rescue, â€Å"our moral response to the imminence of death demands that we rescue the doomed† (Principles 2). The Complete Lives System does not factor the sickest first, which usually is the elder generation. Its hard to agree with the principle knowing that when I get older and my quality of life decreases, that I will not receive the same treatment as I once did. This is the only flaw of this system it does make you question whether or not it could be effective when it is put into action. Even with this flaw in the system it is still nice to know that the priority is given to those that have not lived a complete quality filled life. Recently I had a close family member of mine pass away at the age of 87. He had been dealing with various health problems the last 5 years or so and had been receiving pretty extensive medical care. I definitely believe that under this system that he would not have received the same amount of care and most likely would not have lived as long. When the time came for my family and him to decide what the future plan of action would be, they decided he did not want to continue the treatment to only be in pain for maybe a couple extra months. When he passed it was very hard for all of us to accept the news and the decision but in the end it was to receiving the treatment he needed years ago under the Complete Lives System and looking at it now I probably would not want the system to apply. I believe that this system is a step forward in the right direction for our healthcare system but any person is selfish in dealing with one of his or her own friends or family members. While I wouldn’t have wanted the system to apply to my family member I could accept the fact knowing that the resources necessary too keep him alive could be better used on someone else to increase their quality of life. The Complete Lives System uses a variety of different principles to try and have a concise system in place to designate who receives the appropriate care. At this time it would be hard to put a system like this into place in somewhere such as the United States, but if used appropriately for the correct system it could be considered as an ethical approach to this big question. Some of the opposing viewpoints accurately generate questions about various aspects of the Complete Lives, but I believe that it is a legitimate policy that factors in all aspects of morality. How to cite Complete lives, Papers

Complete lives Free Essays

The Complete Lives System The allocation of healthcare has always been a huge issue in our society and the principles to allocate this resource also has come under fire. In the past it has always been â€Å"first come first serve† basis. Whether or not this approach is ethical is another question, but is it practical. We will write a custom essay sample on Complete lives or any similar topic only for you Order Now The authors of â€Å"Principles for allocation of scarce medical interventions† have discussed a new approach called the Complete Lives System. The complete lives system posses five principles for allocation that Include: ingest first, prognosis, save the most lives, lottery, and Instrumental value (Principles 6). The priority of this system Is to lad those who have not yet lived a complete life and will not be able to do so unless they get the aid necessary. This idea also considers many ethical factors such as saving the most lives possible, as well as a lottery, which takes into account the little information needed for recipients. While this system is not practical for an entire economy at this point, it is a step closer to determining an appropriate approach to our health care system. The Complete Lives System is an ethically Justified and practical approach to health care because; it takes into account various practical approaches to healthcare, and it focuses on those able and capable to live a complete life with the public resources that they have used in the past. The Complete Lives system takes into account a variety of different principles used around the world. As stated before, the core principle Is youngest first. The system focuses on â€Å"youngest first† by giving the priority to those between the ages of 15 and 40. The mall reason why this first approach Is ethically Justified Is that adolescents eve received substantial education and parental care, and these investments would be wasted without a chance at a complete life (Principles 6). These resources primarily schooling would be a waste if without aid necessary. Infants have not received this benefit so they should not be considered a factor for instrumental value. They are also unable and incapable forming long term plans and values that some have already received before they turn 18. While alone this principle is impractical, the combination of prognosis and instrumental values makes this model ethically sound. Demand will always be larger than supply In the healthcare system it is almost an Inevitable factor when determining a correct model. The argument of which healthcare model should be used Is focused around who will receive the appropriate care, and who will be left out. The abandonment of the â€Å"sickest first† Is ethically Justified based on the principle of prognosis. Factoring prognosis Into the model takes into account that large amounts of resources will not be use the majority of resources to those that can benefit the most? I believe so, and the tutors of this article also agree. If the care given to those terminally ill only give benefits of a couple of weeks or a few months compared to multiple years for those that are better off, it is hard to not see this as an ethically Justified model. As I said before not every person is able to reap equal benefits of the healthcare system, no country possesses the resources capable of achieving this utopia. The most practical method is providing aid to those that can reap the most benefit from the care. Objections to the Complete Lives System is said to discriminate against older people. Everyone was once the age of 25 and able to seek the benefits of the system but why now that they are 65 that they cannot? Some tend to say that this is discrimination and â€Å"ageist†. The system was designed to give each person an equal responsibility of living a complete life, which has been accomplished at the age of 65. They have already had the chance to live a complete life and reap the benefits designed by society such as education e. T. C. When the system is maximized, it is designed to offer the greatest benefit to those that need it. An adolescent offers more infinite to society in the future then an elderly one would. As an economics major I have always thought to look at decisions based on the opportunity cost, or the cost associated with an alternative decision that is forgone. What would be the opportunity cost of choosing to extend an elder life potentially 10 years, over an adolescent for maybe 50-60? Obviously it depends on the specific person but the benefit to society by one living another 50 years triumphs one that only has a few left. If the United States would switch to the Complete Lives system then my current enervation would benefit greatly from this change. We would be able to look forward to the high possibly of benefiting from a â€Å"complete† life. It gives a sense of relief knowing that if I were to develop an ailment in the near future that I would be able to get the care I need to regain my quality of life. In contrast those that are past the age to be prioritize will not feel the same way about the system. One quote I found particularly interesting was the rule of rescue, â€Å"our moral response to the imminence of death demands that we rescue the doomed† (Principles 2). The Complete Lives System does not factor the sickest first, which usually is the elder generation. Its hard to agree with the principle knowing that when I get older and my quality of life decreases, that I will not receive the same treatment as I once did. This is the only flaw of this system it does make you question whether or not it could be effective when it is put into action. Even with this flaw in the system it is still nice to know that the priority is given to those that have not lived a complete quality filled life. Recently I had a close family member of mine pass away at the age of 87. He had been dealing with various health problems the last 5 years or so and had been receiving pretty extensive medical care. I definitely believe that under this system that he would not have received the same amount of care and most likely would not have lived as long. When the time came for my family and him to decide what the future plan of action would be, they decided he did not want to continue the treatment to only be in pain for maybe a couple extra months. When he passed it was very hard for all of us to accept the news and the decision but in the end it was to receiving the treatment he needed years ago under the Complete Lives System and looking at it now I probably would not want the system to apply. I believe that this system is a step forward in the right direction for our healthcare system but any person is selfish in dealing with one of his or her own friends or family members. While I wouldn’t have wanted the system to apply to my family member I could accept the fact knowing that the resources necessary too keep him alive could be better used on someone else to increase their quality of life. The Complete Lives System uses a variety of different principles to try and have a concise system in place to designate who receives the appropriate care. At this time it would be hard to put a system like this into place in somewhere such as the United States, but if used appropriately for the correct system it could be considered as an ethical approach to this big question. Some of the opposing viewpoints accurately generate questions about various aspects of the Complete Lives, but I believe that it is a legitimate policy that factors in all aspects of morality. How to cite Complete lives, Papers

Socio Human Rights Zapatismo and Nationalism

Question: Discuss about the Socio Human Rights for Zapatismo and Nationalism. Answer: Kolchanski's Aboriginal rights and comments of Goodale and Gledhill questions of identity and Zapatista Aboriginal rights are generally termed as the rights of Aboriginal people and they are related to the rights regarding certain areas and occupation. The rights of the Aboriginal people include the rights which were already enjoyed before European invasion. The early First Nation was clearly distinct from present times and the rights which were formed are indigenous in nature. There are different groups of aboriginals and the rights may vary between these groups. The rights focus on religion, language, customs, practice of culture, self-government, self-determination, activities, resources, and land. The rights are permitted to them because of their home territories and occupation related to their habitats. Those rights also have an effect on their current legal and political systems. The social structures of Aboriginal people are different from other population living in the country as well as they do not come under all jurisdiction rules when compared to non-Aboriginal population in a country (Indigenous Foundations, 2016). Zapatista is one of the militant and political groups, which is active in the southern part of Mexico. It follows leftist ideology and it has its participation in Chiapas. A war has been declared against the government and military forces of Mexico support the ideology of socialism and Marxism. The group has been named on the name of Commander Emiliano Zapata. The group mainly consists of the indigenous community of the region and has support from other indigenous and rural communities. These communities are also supported by some international and urban areas and they follow Zapatismo and Neozapatismo (Cultural Survival, 2016). Dambour Schools of Approach and Ishay controversies Michelline Ishay describes the struggle related to human rights in his book. The struggle has described from Mesopotamian Codes to present day scenario of globalization. The book consists of the intellectual and historical developments since ages and describes the conflicts in movements of social importance, armies and ideas. According to Ishay, creative expression, traditions and texts have played an important role in the formation of human rights. It is considered as one of the best frameworks related to human rights: history and current scenarios. She had also mentioned the origin and the outlook of European civilization on human rights of other countries during their colonization period. She also used political statements, speeches, and writings as proof in the book. Many debates rise due to her controversial book and shook the community of thinkers, writers and activists (Ishay, 2008). Ishay included controversies and debates from the old documents related to human rights such as the statement of George W. Bush. Moreover, the discussions in the book demonstrated the uniformity in different societies of the world about humanity. Religions and traditions were discussed by the author. Marie-Bndicte Dembour has described the fundamentals of human rights through different schools. Each school has a varied description. The natural school defines human rights. The protest school considers human rights as aspirations and claims for the oppressed and under-privileged. Moreover, the scholars constantly fight for human rights as they believe that a single win does not stop injustice. Discourse school describes the idea of impact of human rights in political affairs. They do not support other schools but do agree human rights have a powerful effect on the current society (Willen, 2012; Dembour, 2010). Goodale, Surrendering to Utopia and Sikka Cultural relativism, Manheim and Ricoeur Ideology and Utopia, Douzinas Cosmopolitanism Mark Goodale's work on human rights has been termed as one of the most realistic works on human rights and its impact on the present society. Today's world is surrounded by human rights and legal, political, aspirational and rhetorical aspects play an important role in the application of human rights. It can be stated that the book is of great importance for various scholars related to human rights. It may include graduate students, scholars, non-anthropologists and anthropologists. The observations of the writer are valuable, provocative and compelling as it describes the use of ethnographic tools to question the application of human rights (Douzinas, 2008). The book written by Mannheim and Ricoeur described utopia and ideology and relationship between them. Majorly, all the scholarly works represent ideology and ignore utopia. The authors agree that utopia is equally important and should be discussed. The author tries to unmask ideology and display it. Mannheim advocates utopia as one of the prime factors in human race. Moreover, the other author argues that utopia can be considered as a corrective measure for the issues which are demonstrated by ideology. Both are considered as positive functions for the authors. The work of Douzinas focuses on the cosmopolitan culture which considers room for the possible engagement with the inclusion of human rights. It encourages such engagements (Goodale, 2010). Activism and globalization of Human rights in the year 2000, the change till today. Aporias of New technologies, Kurosawa's Activism of Globalization Globalization is termed as the present situation of the world. It also means that the whole world is considered as a single political economy and it functions as a free market. Globalization has been changing the world since long times and the increase in global trading has provided a platform for various people of different cultures to interact. It has also played an essential role in fulfilling dreams of many people. The chain reaction has globalized media as well. Thus, in nutshell, market and globalization have supported many industries to expand their business. The article focuses on the power of global companies in exploiting the resources in a country and breaking rules regarding rights of the native population. For example, lands from farmers are being snatched in developing countries in the namesake of industrialization and globalization. The author describes that colonization has been replaced by globalization of these companies where they try to feast on national wealth, h uman resources, and natural resources. Decisions are made in corporate board rooms in developed countries rather than involvement of local community. Authors such as Kurosawa have presented the ill effects of globalization on the developing countries and have depicted the plight of oppressed and afflicted people due to powerful reign of these companies (Deslandes King, 2006). But, new technologies and social media have changed the way of practicing human rights in an unconventional manner. It helps incidents and events to go viral and have maximum coverage (Ishay, 2008). Douzinas says that the short circuit between human rights as ideology and Human rights as critique is complete. The end of human rights coincides with their rise The author Douzinas have explained about the impact of human rights in today's world. International politics have been greatly influenced by human rights. Global order has been defended and organized by humanitarianism. In the book, the author reappropriates human rights and distinguishes it from the group who wants to enforce human rights. The entire description is categorized into two parts where the first part involves ontological claims. Douzinas tries to describe human rights as a building tool for subjectivity. He provides the statement that it is the human rights that support the existence of human race and humanity does not deliver anything in accordance with human rights (Langlois, 2013). Author compares the relationship of human rights with neoliberal capitalism where he finds that the theme of human rights is getting deviated from battling social injustice to being a tool for globalization. He states that radical equality is more important than individualism in human rights. Moreover, he asserts to the point of amalgamation of morality and power for structuring human rights. He describes the role of emerging empire in the oppression of human rights for their benefits. He supports utopian cosmopolitanism but has not succeeded to support the concept in a proper manner. The idea of fighting injustice through radical equality is difficult and less practical (Sargent, 2008). References Cultural Survival. (2016). Indigenous Identity at the Margin: Zapatismo and Nationalism. Retrieved august 19, 2016, from Culturalsurvival.org: https://www.culturalsurvival.org/ourpublications/csq/article/indigenous-identity-margin-zapatismo-and-nationalism Dembour, M.-B. (2010). What Are Human Rights? Four Schools of Thought. Human Rights Quarterly, 32(1), 1-20. Deslandes, A., King, D. (2006). Autonomous activism and the global justice movement. Journal of Sociology, 42(3), 310327. Douzinas, C. (2008). Human Rights and Empire: The Political Philosophy of Cosmopolitanism. Abingdon: Routledge-Cavendish. Goodale, M. (2010). Surrendering to Utopia: An Anthropology of Human Rights. Stanford University Press. Indigenous Foundations. (2016). Aboriginal Rights. Retrieved august 19, 2016, from Indigenousfoundations.arts.ubc.ca: https://indigenousfoundations.arts.ubc.ca/home/land-rights/aboriginal-rights.html Ishay, M. R. (2008). The History of Human Rights: From Ancient Times to the Globalization Era (2nd ed.). University of California Press. Langlois, A. J. (2013, July 29). Seven Counter-theses on Human Rights. Retrieved august 19, 2016, from Criticallegalthinking.com: https://criticallegalthinking.com/2013/07/29/seven-counter-theses-on-human-rights/ Sargent, L. T. (2008). Ideology and utopia: Karl Mannheim and Paul Ricoeur. Journal of Political Ideologies, 13(3), 263-273. Willen, S. S. (2012). Anthropology and Human Rights: Theoretical Reconsiderations and Phenomenological Explorations. Journal of Human Rights, 11(1), 150-159.

Marketing Principles Business Competitors Techniques

Question: Describe about the Marketing Principles for Business Competitors Techniques. Answer: Techniques to Maintain Relationships with Customers Maintaining relationship with customers is a necessary component that can help the organizations in setting apart from the competitors. There are some common techniques that are applied in every industry to maintain relationship with customers. Honesty, transparency, communication and customer-centric approach help in maintaining a healthy relationship. These techniques are applied both by the small-scale and large-scale industries. In case of a healthcare institution, there are two main techniques through which quality relationships can be built with the customers (Mende, Bolton and Bitner 2013). Firstly, the physicians or nurses shall build emotional attachment with the patients. The quality of interaction can be improved and this strategy helps in building loyalty of the customers. Behavioural responses can be generated from the word of mouth endorsements. Loyalty grows when the patients are provided with personalized attention. In case of insurance companies, the agents need to b e in touch with the customers always. The insurance agent ensures to keep connected with the customers by giving suggestions and asking questions. The documents must be kept in handy where birthday and anniversary notes can be sent. Prompt responses must be sent to the customers as it would help in customer relationship management. In case of fashion industry, it is necessary to understand the needs of clients of varied backgrounds. In case of international clients, the discussions can be made through video-conferencing throughout the project. It is necessary to respond to the changing fashion trends (Medler-Liraz 2016). Elements of Marketing Activities and Change in Techniques Marketing mix is a concept that has four main elements- product, price, place and promotion. Customer is the focal point of any marketing activity. The marketing mix activities follow a systematic process that allows in relationship building. Firstly, the companies need to define the unique selling proposition. It is necessary to understand the consumer and the value of product. The competition needs to be understood so that a realistic price can be set. Multiple channels must be used that help in targeting a wider customer base. The promotion strategy is established ensuring the ones which would provide maximum appeal to the intended customers. Therefore, it is seen that the marketing mix elements are deployed in relationship building activities as consumers are the focal point (Kotler and Armstrong 2014). With the advancement in technology, digital and social media has changed the manner in which organizations interact with the customers. Digital media is an effective way to strengthen relationships with the customers. The different social networks have different focuses thereby attracting a wide range of people and their lifestyle choices. The social media channels must be maximized as it gives a platform in directly interacting with the customers. The digital media such as emails can help in solving customized queries of the customers. In the digitalization era, the businesses must be adaptive to the changing landscape. These methods lead to extreme brand loyalty, repurchase intentions and immeasurable value for the company (Tsimonis and Dimitriadis 2014). Advantages of Relationship Building The relationship building activities help in providing consistent customer experience. The organizations share work together to ensure that the customer needs are specifically addressed. It is important especially at the times when certain challenges exist to improve customer satisfaction. The goal of customer relationship marketing can help in developing loyalty between a company and targeted customer base. Customer relationship marketing helps in identifying customers which are of greater value to the company (Samaha, Beck and Palmatier 2014). The customer relationship marketing helps in pinpointing the customers who are too expensive to maintain. Direct marketing is more expensive as there is high level of personalization. Not only expensive, but it is also a time-consuming process. The relationship building helps in keeping a track of the needs of customers. Relevant communication and motivation offers the customers with the appropriate offerings. With the increasing customer bas e, the business can be expanded. The loyal customers shall be willing to try new products as they would have increased faith. The loyal customers shall be more likely to provide feedback which would enable the companies to improve product and services. It takes a lot of time and effort to build relationships with customers. It is important to build relationships with the customers as it helps in increasing sales, dominance and market share (Egan and Harker 2013). Relationship marketing skills can help in creating business opportunities as a personal connection experience leaves a long-lasting impression. Businesses have to change their focus and concentrate on building relationships (Samaha, Beck and Palmatier 2014). Measuring the Success of Customer Relationship-building Activities It is not only important to implement relationship building strategies, but it is also important to measure the success of customer relationship building activities. The sales metrics need to be measured if the number of new customers has increased. The companies need to measure the number of retained customers. The number of campaign responses and purchases can be measured. The input metrics such as thoroughness, accuracy and quality must be measured. The behaviour or activity needs to be evaluated using different metrics. The business goals must be quantified in the manner how customer relationship marketing shall increase revenues or decrease cost (Williams et al. 2015). The strategies and tactics that would enable achieving goals shall be formulated. The response to the marketing campaign must be measured so that the return or response rate can be measured. A customer relationship management must also help in measuring the productivity that would help the labours work faster and smarter. The measurement of effectiveness shall provide the business with a better service. Companies can measure the attitudes of customers that would enable in increasing profitability. The customer relationships shall be directly by conducting personal interviews with the purchase decision-makers and influencers in businesses and public-sector organizations. The attributes with innovation, planning and collaboration must be measured. The importance of customers must be assessed by reviewing the profitability. A customer-centric company wanting to hear the voice of each customer must first develop a frame of reference to ensure that their listening can indeed lead to deeper relationships (Kang 2016). References Kang, D., 2016. Turning inside out: perceived internal branding in customer-firm relationship building. Journal of Services Marketing, 30(4), pp.462-475. Williams, P., Ashill, N., Naumann, E. and Jackson, E., 2015. Relationship quality and satisfaction: Customer-perceived success factors for on-time projects. International Journal of Project Management, 33(8), pp.1836-1850. Medler-Liraz, H., 2016. The role of service relationships in employees and customers emotional behavior, and customer-related outcomes.Journal of Services Marketing, 30(4), pp.437-448. Mende, M., Bolton, R. and Bitner, M., 2013. Decoding CustomerFirm Relationships: How Attachment Styles Help Explain Customers' Preferences for Closeness, Repurchase Intentions, and Changes in Relationship Breadth.Journal of Marketing Research, 50(1), pp.125-142. Kotler, P. and Armstrong, G., 2014.Principles of marketing. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall. Tsimonis, G. and Dimitriadis, S., 2014. Brand strategies in social media.Marketing Intelligence Planning, 32(3), pp.328-344.